These studies focus on the extent to which the design of the irrigation system fosters effective water management and provides equitable. E lowveld produces sugar cane, cotton, wheat, maize, coffee, fruits and beef. Gezira is located in central sudan, along the blue nile river, between thelatitude15. If you need to print pages from this book, we recommend downloading it as a pdf. In gezira, more than 70% of populations in the villages are infected by waterborne diseases mainly because of the use of the polluted irrigation canal water for their domestic water needs henri et al. Huge ecological changes have occurred after gezira scheme such as increased irrigated areas, deforestation and hence became one of the largest irrigation p rojects in. Gezira irrigation reform outcome of the pilot gezira irrigation reform outcome of the pilot martin smith senior officer irrigation management food and agriculture organization rome, italy world bank water week washington, 4 6 march 2006. M macdonald, a g vaughan lee, m f g wilson, w l lowe brown, j s wilson source. The gezira scheme is sudans oldest and largest gravity irrigation system, located between the blue nile and the white nile. Al jazirah became the sudan s major agricultural region with more than 10,000 square kilometres 2. Gezira research station, wad medani, sudan and still in use in sudan.
Taking a historical perspective, it shows the way in which factors such as ecology, biology, social and economic variables and politics have shaped patterns of infection, and how different kinds of strategies have been developed to control schistosomal. The gezira produces only one commercial crop cotton, while the s. Irrigation tries to remove this deficiency caused due to inadequate rainfall. Attention to the cultural meanings expressed by the british through and about the gezira scheme suggests, however, that such projects embody far more than the simple economic interests of a. Estimation of crop water requirements in arid region using. In sudan, east africa, the gezira university received a request to study the mechanism by which a eucalyptus shelterbelt traditionally used in egypt was most efficiently keeping disastrous wind blown sand out of parts of the gezira irrigation scheme, where it.
Colonial moral economy and the discipline of development. In sudan, east africa, the gezira university received a request to study the mechanism by which a eucalyptus shelterbelt traditionally used in egypt was most efficiently keeping disastrous wind blown sand out of parts of the gezira irrigation scheme, where it buried crops and prevented irrigation canals to carry water. Technical efficiency analysis of groundnut production in the gezira scheme, sudan babiker o. Mirghani department of agricultural economics, faculty of agriculture and natural resources, university of bakht al ruda, sudan. Spatiotemporal performance of largescale gezira irrigation scheme, sudan the share of the agricultural sector to the basins labor force accounts for more than 75% and contributes to onethird of the gross domestic product gdp karimi et al. Using remote sensing to determine the cropped areas in gezira.
The world bank and the gezira scheme in the sudan political. How can sudan allocate its water quota stipulated in the. Using remote sensing to determine the cropped areas in. Impacts of drought, food security policy and climate. The gezira irrigation scheme lies between the blue and white nile rivers south of khartoum, and is fed principally by gravity irrigation from sennar dam on the blue nile. Rainfall consistently enhanced around the gezira scheme in east africa due to irrigation nature geoscience 2015. The area was at the southern end of nubia and little is known about its ancient history and only limited archaeological work has been conducted in this area.
The main irrigation schemes of africa and zimbabwe free. In addition, samples of marisa cornuarietis prosobranchia, ampullariidae from small ponds in sudan, samples of biomphalaria pfeifferi and helisoma duryi pulmonata, planorbidae from drainage canals in an irrigation scheme in northern tanzania, and samples of h. Pdf sudans irrigated agriculture faces water shortages with the current method of water use. Improvising planned development on the gezira plain, sudan. High potential of natural resources but low agricultural productivity are main characteristics of gezira irrigation scheme in sudan. Pdf dynamics of irrigation water use in sudan gezira scheme.
Water productivity of sunflower under different irrigation. The gezira scheme was begun by the british and distributes water from the blue nile through canals and ditches to tenant farms lying. Farmers union is playing a good role in encouraging additional piloting in other blocks in gezira. Characterisation of larval habitats, species composition. Raising productivity through broadening farmers choice on farm systems and water management tcpsud0065 wb fao collaboration in assisting gos defining options for sustainable development of the gezira pilot implemented under fao technical cooperation june 2000 october 2002 budget. Drifting sand endangering gezira irrigation scheme in. Water borne diseases and rural development study of. Drifting sand endangering gezira irrigation scheme in central sudan, history and impact 401 eastward, towards the gezira scheme, traditional rainfed agriculture was the dominant land use type. The purpose of the gezira irrigation scheme is to provide the northern portion of the gezira plain with a plentiful supply of water for the purpose of cotton. Minutes of the proceedings of the institution of civil engineers, volume 222, issue 1926, 1 jan 1926 8199.
Technical efficiency analysis of groundnut production in the. These villages are highly infected by schistosomiasis exceeds 50 per cent in the scheme area owing to the use of infected water. Dynamics of irrigation water use in sudan gezira scheme. Irrigation by pumping water began at the beginning of the 20 th century, substituting traditional flood irrigation and water wheel techniques. Minutes of the proceedings of the institution of civil engineers, volume 222, issue 1926, 1 jan 1926 1001. Water source quality testing in gezira state, sudan, using. Republic of the sudan gezira scheme farmers union of. The irrigation canals of the gezira scheme as seen from space, 1997. Soudan irrigation and drainage evolution of irrigation development. If rainfall is insufficient there will be deficiency in fulfillment of water requirement.
Economics of crop production in the gezira irrigation scheme. The gezira scheme traverses dry and semidry climatic zones. This report examines how the design of the gezira irrigation scheme has resolved many of. This report is part of a series of case studies on the performance of irrigation systems in different countries.
The results were compared with the current practice that uses penman evaporation e0 from free water surface and crop factors kf derived by farbrother farbrother, h. At that time the sennar dam and numerous irrigation canals were built. Technical efficiency analysis of groundnut production in. Unfortunately, this book cant be printed from the openbook. This paper analyses the changing patterns of infection with schistosoma mansoni and s. Gezira scheme farmers union of gezira jamal dafalla taha 2. Minutes of the proceedings of the institution of civil engineers, volume 222, issue 1926. Gezira irrigation scheme a struggle for revival on vimeo. It is centered on the sudanese state of al jazirah, just southeast of the confluence of the blue and white nile rivers at the city of khartoum.
Irrigation practices on gezira clayrates and intervals. Republic of the sudan gezira scheme farmers union of gezira. Map crop types throughout the growing seasons in gezira scheme winterrainy seasons. Figure 1 gezira irrigation scheme and location of study area source of water supply. Irrigation management is critically important in gezira scheme, where a large area should be fully utilized with different type of crops. E lowveld not only has this but also uses overhead sprinkler irrigation. Other major farming areas are watered by the khashm alqirbah dam on the atbara river and by alru. It was part of the kingdom of alodia for several centuries and with that states collapse in the early sixteenth century became the centre of the funj kingdom of sennar. The gezira relies mainly on canal and flood irrigation, the s.
Perspectives for sustainable development i summary and conclusions situation and outlook in brief the gezira irrigation scheme was established in 1925 and enlarged to its present capacity of 2. The main objective of this research is to develop a knowledge base decision support system for managing irrigation at gezira scheme. This report examines how the design of the gezira irrigation scheme has resolved many of the distribution problems still found in more recently. Gezira versus lowveld irrigation schemes free zimsec. The main irrigation schemes of africa and zimbabwe almost every country in africa has irrigation schemes of different sizes, most of them too small to note but the big ones are few due to the absence of rivers from which to draw water from.
Development of a decision support system for irrigation. The surface water quality is a matter of serious concern today singh et al. Abstract the study was carried out in the gezira scheme to measure the impact of water borne diseases, bilharzias on rural development in gezira scheme. Gezira scheme irrigation project, sudan britannica. Objectives, design, and performance world bank technical paper on free shipping on qualified orders. Read this article to learn about the major advantages and disadvantages of irrigation. The results also support the aversion that a free market system to supply inputs and purchase outputs leads. Determine the cultivated and noncultivated area in gezira scheme from feb, 2016 to march 2017. The typical image of the gezira scheme, the largescale irrigation scheme started under british colonial rule in sudan, is of a centrally planned effort by a central colonial power controlling tenants and cotton production. The study was established on the assumption that water borne diseases have a.
Study of bilharzias in gezira irrigated agricultural scheme, sudan professor dr. The ebook is optimized for ereader devices and apps, which means that it offers a much better digital reading experience than a pdf, including resizable text and. A story of development in the sudan faber and faber, london, 1959. Some farmer communities living inside the gezira irrigation scheme area used canal water for drinking and washing. However, any ideals of planned irrigation and profit in gezira had to be. It has grown from the original scheme cultivating 300,000 fd to the present irrigation area of 2. Gezira is a wellpopulated area suitable for agriculture. Media in category gezira scheme the following 6 files are in this category, out of 6 total. The story of largescale irrigated schemes in sudan has begun since the completion of sennar dam the blue nile river in 1925, for irrigating the gezira scheme.
Spatiotemporal performance of largescale gezira irrigation. The region is the site of the gezira scheme, a program to foster cotton farming begun in 1925. Feb 01, 2015 spatiotemporal performance of largescale gezira irrigation scheme, sudan the share of the agricultural sector to the basins labor force accounts for more than 75% and contributes to onethird of the gross domestic product gdp karimi et al. The main irrigation schemes of africa and zimbabwe almost every country in africa has irrigation schemes of different sizes, most of them too small to note but the big ones are few due to the absence of. The gezira irrigation scheme is fed by gravity irrigation from the blue nile. Currently, irrigation schemes provide about 50 % of the countrys food production. In most cases the situation is exacerbated by the fact that their settlements are considered illegal babiker et al. A pdf is a digital representation of the print book, so while it can be loaded into most ereader programs, it doesnt allow for resizable text or advanced, interactive functionality.
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